Populist rulers face a dilemma. Since they embody “the folks” and notice “the desire of the folks,” they can’t lose elections. The folks can not vote towards itself. My Impartial Evaluate article on “The Impossibility of Populism” defined this in additional particulars. However here’s a present illustration.
Jair Bolsonaro, the Brazilian president, faces the identical dilemma as Donald Trump did: there’s a good likelihood that he’ll lose the forthcoming presidential election in October. So what does he do? One thing much like what Trump did in each 2016 and 2020: he warns his followers prematurely that if he loses, it can imply that the election was rigged. The Economist explains (“May Jair Bolsonaro Attempt to Steal Brazil’s Election?” July 14, 2022):
[Mr. Bolsonaro] can also be sowing doubt concerning the electoral course of. He tells supporters he can solely be defeated if the competition is rigged. This means he might dispute the consequence if he loses. …
On July seventh Mr Bolsonaro insinuated that Mr Fachin [the president of the electoral court] “already is aware of” the end result of the election. He peddles such twaddle whereas insisting that Brazil’s electronic-voting system is prone to fraud. The system has been utilized in Brazil since 1996 with no proof of irregularities. …
His opponents concern that if the vote is shut, he might declare he was robbed of victory and attempt to cling on by foul means.