Tyler Cowen not too long ago made the next remark:
I nonetheless am glad we purchased the Danish West Indies in 1917. Nor do I hear many Danes, or island natives, complain about this.
This concern has been revived as a result of dialogue concerning the acquisition of Greenland. So who obtained the higher of that earlier deal? Or was it win-win? It’s not apparent, however let’s begin with a number of details:
1. In 1917, we paid $25 million in gold, which at present is price a bit over $3 billion. (Denmark now has $5.6 billion in gold reserves.) That’s a non-trivial sum for a small nation, however definitely not a game-changer.
2. Reviews recommend that the US was motivated by two components, a want for a spot to host navy bases to defend the Panama Canal, and a want to stop Germany from getting the islands.
For my part, these targets don’t justify spending plenty of cash to purchase some tiny Caribbean islands. We might have used the Monroe Doctrine to stop Germany from taking the islands. Germany was tied down in a shedding warfare in Europe, and in no place to problem US supremacy within the Western Hemisphere. And I don’t see the Virgin Islands enjoying an essential position in defending the canal.
In fact, that doesn’t imply it was a superb deal for Denmark or a nasty deal for the US. Even $3 billion is a modest sum for the US authorities, and the islands might have nice worth for different causes, comparable to tourism. For a few years, it hosted a giant oil refinery. Nonetheless, I’m assured that it was an excellent deal for Denmark, and doubtless a nasty deal for the US (though I’m much less assured in that declare.)
Denmark already has a giant cash pit in Greenland, which requires massive subsidies. The very last thing they want is one other cash pit within the Caribbean. I believe that almost all Danes would like $3 billion in gold to these faraway islands.
The US case is trickier. The unique justification definitely doesn’t make a lot sense. However what about at present? Aren’t these islands a pleasant vacationer vacation spot? Sure they’re. I’ve by no means been there, however my spouse and I loved snorkeling within the British Virgin Islands. So I see the attraction. However the truth that we have been in a position to have a pleasant vacation within the BVI means that possession isn’t all that essential—what issues is the flexibility to make use of a useful resource. Thus in my opinion the US could be higher off having a navy base in an impartial Greenland, even perhaps negotiating unique rights to navy use of the island (to maintain out China and Russia), quite than the burden of proudly owning the entire thing. So far as mineral sources, our companies can negotiate agreements with a Greenland or Danish authorities consultant. What precisely does possession purchase you, aside from a giant fiscal burden?
One good objection to my argument is that it proves an excessive amount of. If all areas with a internet fiscal burden have been undesirable elements of the US, then we’d must do away with many states. There are economies of scale in having a giant nationwide market and this helps the US prosper, even when some particular areas are under common. I settle for that counterargument, however I believe it applies extra the contiguous states within the decrease 48, the place low transport prices enable for a intently built-in market. Resulting from components such because the Jones Act, the US Virgin Islands are much less intently built-in into the US financial system, making it much less doubtless that they contribute to our total prosperity. We do assist the Virgin Islanders, however there are in all probability extra utilitarian methods of serving to the individuals of the Caribbean—comparable to smaller per particular person subsidies to a bigger space.
One other argument is that it’s good to have some small idyllic Caribbean islands, to present America a larger degree of geographic variety. However we have already got close by Vieques and Culebra, in addition to the a lot bigger Puerto Rico.
Right here’s stunning Culebra:
